Correlation of Hormonal Profiles in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.64261/pqfcye28

Keywords:

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), Hormonal Correlations, Luteinizing Hormone (LH), Testosterone, Insulin Resistance, Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH), Insulin, Obesity

Abstract

Abstract

Background:
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder characterized by oligo/anovulation, hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovarian morphology. Hormonal dysregulation, including elevated luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), and insulin resistance, contributes to its metabolic and reproductive manifestations. Understanding the interrelationship among these hormonal parameters is essential for improved clinical management.

Objective:
To evaluate correlations among key hormonal profiles in women diagnosed with PCOS.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted from January to May 2025 at Life Line Ludhiana, including 500 women aged 18–40 years diagnosed with PCOS according to the Rotterdam criteria. Women with pregnancy, thyroid dysfunction, hyperprolactinemia, adrenal disorders, or recent hormonal therapy were excluded. Serum LH, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), total testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), AMH, fasting insulin, and fasting glucose were measured. Insulin resistance was assessed using the Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR). Pearson and Spearman correlation analyses were performed.

Results:
The mean age was 27.8 ± 5.4 years, and mean BMI was 28.3 ± 4.6 kg/m². Oligo/anovulation was present in 82% and biochemical hyperandrogenism in 75% of participants. Elevated LH (12.4 IU/L), testosterone (78.5 ng/dL), AMH (7.2 ng/mL), and fasting insulin (18.6 µIU/mL) were observed. Significant positive correlations were found between LH, testosterone, and AMH (r = 0.38–0.45; p < 0.001). Fasting insulin strongly correlated with HOMA-IR (r = 0.98; p < 0.001) and moderately with testosterone (r = 0.35; p < 0.001). Overweight/obese women demonstrated higher insulin and HOMA-IR levels and stronger insulin–testosterone correlations.

Conclusions:
Significant positive associations exist among LH, testosterone, AMH, and insulin resistance in PCOS, particularly in overweight/obese women, highlighting the need for integrated metabolic and reproductive management strategies.

Author Biographies

  • Musaib Shameem, Desh Bhagat University

    Assistant Professor, Department of Medical Laboratory Science

  • Samson Hans, Desh Bhagat University

    Msc Student, Department of Medical Laboratory Science

References

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Published

04.04.2026

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Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): April-June

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Correlation of Hormonal Profiles in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS). (2026). Pan-African Journal of Health and Psychological Sciences, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.64261/pqfcye28

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